What Is The Use Of GPS In Precision Farming?

Precision Agriculture, also known as Precision Farming, is a modern agricultural approach that utilizes modern information technology and data analysis tools to monitor and manage the growth process of crops in real time. It achieves precise management of farmland through satellite positioning systems (GPS), remote sensing technology, unmanned aerial vehicles, sensors and big data analysis, thereby increasing the yield and quality of crops.

The GPS satellite signal consists of three core parts: carrier, ranging code and navigation message. The carrier is a high-frequency oscillating wave that can carry modulated signals. Its essence is a periodic sinusoidal signal with stable frequency. Traditional GPS satellites emit carrier signals of two frequencies. Since they are both generated by the atomic clock on the satellite at a reference frequency of 10.23MHz, 154 times and 120 times octaves, and are located in the L-band of microwaves, they are respectively called L1 carrier and L2 carrier.

• The L1 carrier frequency is 1575.42MHz and the wavelength is 19.03 cm. 

• The L2 carrier frequency is 1227.60MHz and the wavelength is 24.42cm.

In wireless communication systems, to achieve high-quality information dissemination, modulation technology is commonly adopted - embedding low-frequency information signals into high-frequency carriers for transmission. GPS satellites also apply this principle. The L1 and L2 carriers of GPS satellites carry ranging signals and navigation messages. When they are transmitted, they can reach the user's receiver.

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